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November 22, 2007

Net, Web, Graph

Net, Web, Graph: Tim Berners-Lee essays that the term "Social Graph" may be more fitting than the term "Semantic Web", but also brought up an interesting way of looking at things: "The Net" was the network of computers; "The Web" was the web of hyperlinked documents; "The Graph" may be the set of connections between ideas/people/places/things described in those documents. Net, Web, Graph, each enfolding the other -- tidy. I'm not sure that a network of ideas is really comparable to networks of things -- computers and documents are measurable items, each with traits we can agree on, while ideas often seem to vary by the eye of the beholder -- but the "Net, Web, Graph" distinction does seem to clearly lay out that each layer is built atop the prior.

Later in the article Tim makes a pitch for using existing specifications to describe the relationships between the contents of documents, and repeats this in his final call-to-action. I think his goal with this article may have been to adjust a tactic in his Semantic Web campaign; a rebranding. I still like the "Net/Web/Graph" phrasing, though.

For that "ideas seem to vary by the eye of the beholder" line above, check out the example in Tim's penultimate paragraph: "When I book a flight it is the flight that interests me. Not the flight page on the travel site, or the flight page on the airline site, but the URI (issued by the airlines) of the flight itself. That's what I will bookmark." The airline company's flight designator doesn't matter so much to me during a trip... considering how funky current travel UIs are, I'd rather bookmark the process I used to achieve the task! I might want to bookmark the plane if I was geolocating or estimating time-of-arrival, but a canonical single relation between types of ideas presumes the the world of ideology is just as fixed, and Korzybski was very clear that "the map is not the territory", and that maps vary by the viewer and their current condition. I'm still waiting to see how the "Semantic Web" proposal acknowledges this.

Another reason I'm so skeptical of current "Semantic Web" talk is that it seems to ignore the idea of gaming:

-- It's simple to connect machines together in a Net, but we failed to properly anticipate that some people owning those machines would try to infect or snoop on others... we understood "malware" too late.

-- It's simple to connect documents together in a Web, but we failed to properly anticipate that some people writing those documents would try to advertise or exploit others... we understood "spam" and "security" too late.

-- It's simple to create a Graph describing aspects of how ideas in different documents are connected, but we're not really talking about feedback mechanisms to deter parasites from exploiting this system too.

People adapt. We're not as stolid and unchanging as mechanical things. These are interactive and evolving Organic Systems, not linear and predictable Mechanical Systems. The ecology's decisionmaking is, in fact, decentralized.

As soon as a resource becomes valuable enough, the incentives grow for people to change their behavior, and to "play the system". Google Search was great when it started, then people adapted and degraded it, just for private commercial gain. Wikipedia, YouTube and Techmeme are all very useful, but have also become battlegrounds for people trying to convince others. Any talk about "networks of ideas and their manifestation in the world" should really start talking about recognizing and avoiding manipulation, before drilling down into formats or mechanisms. That's why I've been skeptical on prior discussions.

But "The Net (of internetworked computers) supports The Web (of hyperlinked documents), which supports The Graph (of ideas described by those documents)"... that's a neat formulation, I like it.

Posted by JohnDowdell at November 22, 2007 08:41 AM

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Comments

JD - You said "networks of ideas and their manifestation in the world" and I agree I'm skeptical but hopelessly optimistic. Take a look at my piece tonight on SEO and Tech Daily and see if you think I'm dreaming??? I honestly think this is really important ..
Rgrds
Charlie

Posted by: charlie at November 22, 2007 09:47 PM

excellent post. just great.

Posted by: tony of the weeg clan at November 23, 2007 08:11 AM

NET (machines (computers, back end infra (storage, routers, bandwidth, traffic), connectors)) -> WEB (hyperlinked docs, knowledge within docs, [actionable] knowledge objects, descriptors, connectors) -> SOCIAL GRAPH (people - nodes and connectors).

This is (as i like to describe it) the X-to-X NetWeb - person-to-person, person-to-thing, object-to-thing, etc. - actionable in situ as well as @ the point of contact/interaction (think next gen intelligent mashups) - creates new knowledge and insight.

my 2 cents (premoney, of course)... :)

Posted by: EDO at November 23, 2007 01:05 PM

I'm glad to see you bringing the evolutionary perspective in - too many people are searching for the holy grail: The ideal, finished, perfect, complete model - and so they miss the importance of the process which leads towards it.

We can learn a lot about the 'arms race' of legitimate vs. illegitimate use by observing strategies from the natural world.

One of my favourite examples is those non-stinging flies that look very much like wasps, with yellow and black stripes.

It turns out that insect-eating birds can tell the difference between the two, but in the heat of the moment, the bird's doubt (or the nearby presence of an unambiguously edible fly) is often enough to give the wasp-like fly a chance to escape, and therefore an evolutionary edge. (Of course! Or else such flies would not exist!)

Even so, sometimes the wasp-alike fly gets eaten. It's a delicate balance, so looking-like-a-wasp is only a partially successful strategy - as are all survival strategies - it's counteracted by the birds' enhanced ability to discern tasty prey from nasty poisonous beakfuls - (Of course! Or else such birds would not exist!).

It's a bit the same with modern terrorism and the mass media. If the mass media decided to stop reporting acts of terror, the terror would soon stop (or be reduced to negligible levels). Modern terrorism (post 1970) *requires* the mass media in order to have any political effect, and the mass media loves a big story. They are mutually interdependent. This detail is overlooked by policy-makers to the point of being taboo. (Actually I usually get shouted at when I mention it).

So we'll always see increasingly sophisticated ways to prevent people gaming the system, and increasingly sophisticated ways around them. Evolution isn't over 'til it's ALL over (i.e. total extinction of the ecosystem).

Posted by: Brennan Young at December 1, 2007 03:06 AM